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Molecules in the Muscle
One of biggest challenges in biology is understanding how "molecular
motors" convert chemical energy into mechanical energy. In our
muscles, two different long molecules, actin and myosin, slide along
each other in one direction and generate force while breaking down
molecules of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is the
general-purpose fuel used by cells. Other molecules, such as
tropomyosin, help to control the motions. Many experiments have been
done to figure out things such as the speed at which these molecules
move, the forces they exert, and how much ATP they burn. Also, "still
pictures" of the molecules themselves have been obtained by x-ray
crystallography experiments. However, the details of the motions of
actin and myosin still remain a mystery. We plan to use computer
models to fill in these details and perhaps shed some light on the
pathology of congenital muscle diseases caused by mutations in these
molecules. We will also link our models with the models of the
heart developed by Prof. McCulloch's group
in our department.
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